On-line shot peening and cleaning of stampings

When the stampings and the strips being processed are 'broken and broken', the shot blasting and cleaning can be done automatically during continuous production. The task of workpiece transfer is accomplished by punching the strips through various production stations. In the surface treatment equipment introduced in this paper, ultrasonic cleaning and compressed air blasting techniques are used. In the replacement of blanked products and continuous production processes, this technology can improve the production capacity and economy of stampings.

HGH, located in Lüdenscheid, combines ultrasonic cleaning and mechanical shot blasting techniques in a continuous stamping process, thus solving the problems that many companies have caused by discontinuing continuous stamping production. Stampings and strips can be continuously brought into production and cleaned. The main steps of this technology are: the use of ultrasonic cleaning rust-proof oil, shot peening and ultrasonic cleaning, its compact structure, is the long-term continuous stamping production companies hope and failed to achieve. Based on the improvement of the continuous stamping process, the production capacity can be doubled and the production cost can be reduced.

The R&D and design of the production line lasted about one and a half years from the beginning of conception to the completion of manufacturing. The cause of this R&D project stems from a user's technical consultation on shot peening and the removal of soldered slag spots after stamping. According to this requirement of the user, the design intention of completing the cleaning of the workpiece on-line in the continuous production process, that is, in the continuous stamping process, is formed. This is a design concept led by the entire production process. In this design concept, HGH's surface treatment technology and HGH-SAT's clean technology all have very important roles and significance. The final result of project development is a continuous production automated production process. No one in this process has to touch the so-called "punch bare" by hand, either after stamping or after the inspection, or after the stamping has a burr, flashing "punched bare".

The entire stamping production process is this: In a multi-station progressive stamping die, the workpiece is stamped down to complete calendering and welding processes. However, it still has a small part connected with the punched sheet material. The punched sheet material is carried into the ultrasonic surface treatment equipment together with the stamped and welded workpieces to remove rust-proof grease and welding slag. The removal of welding welding beans and burrs was done in a peening chamber. This is necessary to avoid short-circuiting and short-circuiting when using stampings. In the second short-time ultrasonic surface treatment, before the quality inspection of the stamped parts, ultrasonic surface cleaning technology was again used to remove the residue left by the shot peening. After all the above operations are completed, the stampings are completely separated from the blank sheet and stored separately. Stampings with poor quality are placed in waste bins and qualified stampings go directly to the packaging plant.

Cleaning time is 7s

The first production line designed and manufactured according to the user's requirements transports the stamped sheet material at a speed of 12m/min. With such a high production efficiency, the residence time of each stamping part in the ultrasonic cleaning room is only 7 seconds. Depending on the structure of the specific equipment, the production efficiency of the production line can be further improved. In addition to this, the program allows workpieces with special requirements to be processed outside the production line. In principle it can adapt to a variety of special professional requirements. For example, the first ultrasonic surface treatment can be used to remove the protective coating on the surface of the blank sheet, and can complete the protective layer cleaning of the blank surface at a speed of 60 m/min.

Ultrasonic degreasing - shot peening - ultrasonic cleaning The rough process of the three-level surface treatment process can be described in the following text: After the stamping and welding are completed, the blank plate enters the first ultrasonic surface treatment station for degreasing and deburring. (figure 1). Before this equipment, a photoelectric cabinet control system monitors the passing status of blanks. The detected difference is directly transmitted to the SPS programmable controller as an analog signal (0~10V). The electrical control system analyzes and evaluates the received analog signals, and controls the adjustment of the driving mechanism of the blanks after being installed in the second cleaning room. After the photoelectric cabinet monitoring system, the first clean room utilizes a weakly alkaline cleaning agent to remove rust-proof grease on the surface of the blank sheet with the help and support of ultrasonic waves. The filtered blank air is then blown to clean the blank blanks, preventing the remaining cleaning fluid from entering the processing station's rinse station.


Fig. 1 Ultrasonic cleaning pool for removing rust-proof grease on the blank surface of the blank, and the cleaning effect is obviously improved with the help of ultrasonic waves

Drying from both sides

The blank blanks were rinsed using jet cleaning (Figure 2). The flat nozzle made of stainless steel is flushed with the 0.15 MPa injection pressure from the upper and lower sides to the blank of the blank. The spray angle is 60°. After washing, the plate was first blown dry with the filtered room temperature air flow from the top and bottom surfaces (Figure 3a). In the subsequent hot-air drying, hot air of about 200°C was used for drying (Fig. 3b). All blower tubes are supplied from the side by a compressor, and the pressure of the input indoor air is higher than atmospheric pressure by 0.05 MPa. The air compressor has a very easy-to-replace filter cartridge that provides an economical supply of compressed air.


Fig. 2 Flushing cleaning device with four nozzles for cleaning detergents remaining on the surface of the sheet, flushing from the upper and lower sides when cleaning


(a)


(b)
Figure 3 After washing, pre-dry (a) and hot-air drying (b) from the upper and lower sides. For pre-drying, normal-temperature airflow is used for drying. When hot air is blown, hot air of about 200°C is used.

The purge stream containing water vapor is sent to the cleaning equipment by a radial blower to avoid leaving condensed water on the surface of the stainless steel material. In the clean room operation compartment, there is a manually opened plastic protective door. An indicator light indicates the opening and closing of the protective door. This ensures that the operator will not stray into the running blank stock area.

Keep nozzle spacing constant

In the second step of the surface treatment, the shot peening surface treatment technology is mainly used to remove the welded welding beans and burr flashes. The stamped sheet enters the blasting chamber under the guidance of the guiding mechanism and is positioned (Figure 4). Ensure that the gap between the blank blank and the shot lance is constant throughout the shot peening process. The guiding device is mounted on the slide table of the blasting chamber. It is equipped with four shot blasting guns that can perform shot blasting of the blank from both the upper and lower sides (Figure 5). The shot peening process used here is dry shot peening, in which shot spheroids (mixed granules) are accelerated toward the surface of the sheet with the help of compressed air. The composition of the mixture particles has an important influence on the consequences of shot peening. An important criterion for further optimization improvement is the reuse rate in order to reduce the production cost at the time of shot peening.


Figure 4 Blanking blanks are guided into the blasting chamber under the guidance of the transport mechanism and are positioned at a constant distance from the shot peening gun


Figure 5 Guide with four nozzles can be surface treated from both sides of the punched sheet, it has a very good use of flexibility

The repeatability and reproducibility of the shot peening results are closely related to the shot peening classification in the cyclone separator. In the cyclone separator, the crushed shot granules and the cleaned slag and debris are removed from the equipment. In order to ensure that there are enough shot peening granules available in a continuous production process, the shot granules reserve monitoring system is responsible for automatically replenishing shot granules as the shot granules decrease. In order to ensure the flexibility of the shot peening equipment, the guiding device has a very important responsibility: on the one hand, it can be enlarged or reduced; on the other hand, the injection pressure of each nozzle can be adjusted, and the nozzle can be individually Turn on or off. After shot peening, the blank sheet was again blown with wind and was substantially clean before leaving the peening chamber.

In the second ultrasonic cleaning of the fine surface, the same system as the first ultrasonic cleaning was used. The driving mechanism for the blank conveying of the cleaning equipment blank is a friction transmission mechanism. Its only drive roller is located underneath the blank stock and has a polyester layer. The polymer roller RCH-1000 material is used with the press roller. Grooves are machined on these press rolls to match different blank stocks.

The pressure of the pressure roller is steplessly adjusted by two cylinders. In order to facilitate the penetration of the blank into the conveyor system, the press roll can be raised by 20mm. This set of exemplary continuous production equipment has high adaptability. According to the different needs of users, you can get a suitable solution.

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