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Family farm is the right direction for the future development of China's agriculture
[ China Agricultural Machinery Industry News ] Family farms are the future development direction of China's agriculture, and also a new type of agricultural management that the government is currently encouraging. So what is the size of the family farm in the end?
Family farm is the right direction for the future development of China's agriculture
As a family farm, it must have a certain scale, but this scale must be a moderate scale. Not too small, but not too big. If the scale is too small, it will still belong to the traditional family management, which is the current small-scale farmer management; if the scale is too large, the family labor force will not be enough, because the family farm must be based on the family labor force. In addition, the scale is too large and the management difficulty is also increased. Most of the operators who are difficult to manage do not have such management capabilities.
So, how big should the moderate size be? The author believes that a moderate scale should have two conditions: First, the net income of agricultural operators is equal to or greater than the average income of urban workers; second, relying on the main labor force of the family can make the farms operate normally. These two conditions are the basis for determining whether the size of the family farm is moderate. If these two conditions cannot be met at the same time, the conditions should be prioritized.
So why is the net income of family farm operators equal to or greater than the average income of urban workers? Because only in this way, they are willing to stay in the countryside for a long time engaged in agricultural production. If their income is lower than that of urban workers for a long time, they will flee from the countryside to work or do business in the city. But it is not good to not engage in agricultural production. Because we have to eat, we must stabilize this team, and the rural environment is tough. It should be more reasonable for them to make their income slightly higher than that of urban workers.
In 2016, the average income of urban employees in the country is about 34,000 yuan, calculated according to an economic cycle. (If the operating conditions of a certain year are calculated, the difference in the prices of agricultural products in different years is large, and the difference in the data calculated in different years is also large. During the period, the prices are high and low, and they are mutually neutralized, and the calculated data is relatively reliable. For example, the hog price fluctuation period is 7 years, and it is reasonable to calculate the average profit per pig in 7 years.) The net income is about 70~80 mu for planting grain; 10~15 mu for planting fruit trees; 150~200 pigs for raising pigs; 50~100 for raising sheep. Of course, this is calculated according to a labor force. By operating such a large scale, you can get the same income as urban workers. In rural areas, the vast majority of households are husband and wife, so how long can the two laborers earn the same income as urban workers? Simply put, it is twice the size above. Therefore, according to the calculation of the majority of the family farms, the appropriate scale of the family farms should be: planting grain about 100~200 acres; planting fruit trees 20~30 acres; raising pigs 300~500 heads; raising sheep 100~ 200.
According to this scale, the net income of the husband and wife in the family farm is equal to or greater than the income of the husband and wife of the urban workers, and on such a scale, the husband and wife can basically make the family farm operate normally.
What is particularly important here is why the scale of family farms is a range, such as planting 100-200 acres of grain instead of a specific figure of 150 acres? Because if it is set to a specific digital standard, such as planting 150 acres of grain, then there will be a problem: 149 acres is not considered a family farm? 151 acres is not considered a family farm? If one acre is not counted, and one more mu is not counted, then it is very difficult for the agricultural operators to make up enough 150 acres, not many acres, and a lot of acres. If you have more to do, and less, you need to have borders. If there are no boundaries, there will be no standards. Therefore, family farm scale standards have upper and lower boundaries. Only in this category can it be counted as a family farm. Beyond this category cannot be called a family farm. Whether it is greater than this standard or less than this standard is not acceptable. According to my point of view, planting less than 100 acres of grain, or more than 200 acres, can not be counted as a family farm. Only within 100~200 acres can it be counted as a family farm.
Of course, the standards of family farms are not eternal. With the development of social economy, they should be adjusted every few years.