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The plant factory has become a hot topic recently, and it has also made LED lighting products that promote plant production stand out. With the crisis of overcapacity in the first generation of LED lighting, more and more LED enterprises in Dongguan have begun to turn to the fourth generation of new lighting fields, using LED light sources to create a living environment like indoor sunlight for indoor plants.
Shen Leite, who has 10 years experience in optoelectronics industry, moved from Shenzhen to Dongguan to engage in a small part of LED bio-field lighting; Dongguan Junjun Optoelectronics Technology introduced Taiwan technology to launch led plant growth lamp module; Dongguan Kaixin Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. has intentions in the future Vegetable production enterprises export technologies such as LED bio-lighting and equipment transformation. However, some companies have indicated that due to the high cost of lighting in the LED bio-field, there is currently no mass production. However, with the development of technology, the cost of the entire LED industry is a downward trend. I believe that the future of the LED plant growth lamp market is still broad.
Do not waste the spectrum and save electricity. Use light source to control the growth of plants. It is well known that plant growth requires sunlight. Only sunlight can help plants to complete photosynthesis. Can light really replace sunlight growth? Shi Guangdian, deputy general manager of Shen Wright, said that LED light can simulate the specific spectral components of sunlight, which has been widely recognized by the botanical community. It is understood that in the plant kingdom, the dominant species are green plants. In all photosynthetic oxygen-discharged biological clocks, the chlorophyll in the leaf body has two absorption peaks for sunlight, which are near the blue area near 440 nm and near 680 nm. The red zone, one in the blue zone and one in the violet zone, absorbs very little green light between 500-600 nm, so the plants we see are basically green.
In fact, only the red and blue light are needed for plants, and most of the rest of the light is reflected back. Shi Guangdian said that LED plant growth lamps can emit specific red and blue light that plants need, so they are extremely efficient.
According to Shi Guangdian, LEDs are different from incandescent lamps in that they emit light with a single spectrum, which can provide plants with a specific spectrum of a certain growth stage. The wavelength of 440-490 nm is blue light, which can promote the growth of green leaves; the red light with a wavelength of 600-700 nm helps the flowering result and prolongs the flowering period; the purple light and ultraviolet light with the wavelength between 300-440 nm promotes plant formation. The main light energy of the pigment directly affects the absorption of phosphorus and aluminum by the plant and the formation of vitamin D, the stratum corneum, and the accumulation of dry matter.
In fact, before the emergence of LED plant lighting, modern horticultural and plant factories already have fill light technology, using fluorescent lamps, high pressure sodium lamps and the like. However, the proportion of infrared and green light components contained in these light sources is also large, and the light source is not adjustable, which wastes power and wastes light energy.
With the maturity of LED lighting technology, LED light sources and wavelength-adjustable technologies have gradually entered the field of biological lighting. In general, the power of LED plant growth lights within ten watts is equivalent to the traditional fill light effect of tens of watts or even hundreds of watts of power. In addition, LEDs save more than 90 energy than traditional lamps, and the operating cost of lighting in the biological field is greatly reduced.
Not only that, but LEDs can also control the growth rate of plants, which can extend the flowering period of flower plants, so that economic crops can be free from seasonal restrictions and accelerate the results. For example, plants can perform 16 hours of photosynthesis per day, but natural light exposure is very limited, making plants grow slowly. If you use LED lights, you can continue to add light to plants, and use LED light instead of natural light. The fastest ripening period of vegetables can be shortened by one-third, which can increase production. The original 15 days of mature vegetables can be harvested in just 5 days. A typical example of promoting plant growth by irradiation with LED light.
The concept of a plant factory is to turn vegetable greenhouses into factory workshops. Each workshop has different LED illumination. Plants without soil cultivation can be moved to different workshops to promote growth according to the needs of different growth periods. According to Shi Guangdian, the laboratory in Zhuhai has begun to cultivate, and LED can make plants grow fast and slow down.
Urbanization construction or further development of the industry From the global market, the sales market of led plant lights is mainly concentrated in countries and regions with less agricultural personnel in Japan, South Korea, the United States, and Europe.
According to a global industry, the global LED plant growth lamp output has shown rapid growth since 2013, at a scale of 10 million US dollars, but it is expected to exceed US$35 million in 2014 and reach US$300 million in 2017. Some international companies have increased their investment in LED plant innovation.
With the increase in the penetration rate of LED plant growth lamps, the Chinese market is slowly emerging. Through the search engine, we will find that many LED companies in Dongguan have successively launched monochromatic LEDs to promote plant growth. An industry insider analyzed that the competition in the traditional LED lighting market has been heated up, giving bio-lighting a new field, and only knowing the spectrum The law is better for application promotion.
The current cost is still high, and the ordinary LED lights for leafy vegetables generally range from 400 yuan to 500 yuan. It is hard to say when the future will break out. Shi Guangdian said that the cycle and wavelength of plant growth are different, the process is different, and the price is also very different. At present, it is only the LED lighting of leafy vegetables that is energy-produced.
It is understood that at present, although enterprises have the trend of moving to the field of LED bio-lighting, they account for only a small part of the total market sales of the enterprise, and all of them are exported, and the domestic market demand is not large. And the LED bio-illumination products that these companies are engaged in, the chip source still relies mainly on imports. Shen Wright has obtained the authorization of Samsung led agent; the company introduced Taiwan chip.
Shi Guangdian said that the area of ​​domestic agricultural arable land is large, and people are worried about the health of this soilless cultivated plant. It is still unclear whether LED plant growth lamps can be used in large areas in China. Europe, Japan, and South Korea have small cultivated land and a large population. They attach great importance to investment in LED lighting to increase land production capacity.
At present, there are fewer and fewer people engaged in agricultural production in China. Shi Guangdian said that China's current urbanization construction may have certain stimulation demand for the development of LED bio-lighting. That is to say, with this advanced agricultural technology, attract young people who are unwilling to farm, or make new progress in the application of LED in plant factories.