Establish global thinking in promoting agricultural supply-side reform

Agricultural International Strategy under Global Thinking

To establish a global mindset is to see that the problem cannot be turned around only in China, but to jump out of the country and break through the limitations of the country's resource endowments, re-examine the opportunities and challenges of China's agriculture from a global perspective, and “go out” through the implementation of agricultural products import and export and agriculture. Optimize the global agricultural governance structure and other strategies, rely on global agricultural resources, leverage the international market to promote supply-side structural reforms, and enhance China's agricultural international competitiveness.

Establish global thinking in promoting agricultural supply-side reform

Coordinate the import and export of agricultural products and promote the adjustment of agricultural structure. Safeguarding national food security is the strategic bottom line that must be adhered to in the structural reform of the supply side of agriculture. The import of foreign agricultural products is equivalent to the land, water and other resources consumed by the import of agricultural products and foreign government subsidies. Give play to the "resource substitution" effect of agricultural product imports, appropriately reduce the self-sufficiency rate of non-main staple crops such as soybeans and corn products with high demand elasticity and high correlation between domestic and foreign markets, increase the import of land-consuming agricultural products and processed products, and promote labor The export of intensive agricultural products will give priority to ensuring the safety of cereals, especially rations, and ensuring that the rice bowl is firmly held in its own hands.

It is timely to speed up the “going out” of agriculture and to expand global resources. From the perspective of agricultural product prices, international food prices are at a low level in recent years, and the cost of obtaining agricultural products from the international market is relatively low. The January 2016 average food price index released by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations is 150.4 points, which is already a low level since April 2009. From the perspective of agricultural resource endowment, the data shows that there are currently about 4 billion hectares of land available for reclamation, which is 2.5 times the area of ​​existing cultivated land. Accelerating the "going out" of agriculture is not only to ensure the stability of the import of important agricultural products, but also to break the contradiction between structural supply and demand of agriculture in a wider scope, and it is also an important carrier for China to assume the responsibility of big countries. On the one hand, we will cultivate China's own international grain producers, and through the global industrial chain layout, market-oriented operation of domestic and international agricultural products market and agricultural resource factor market, strengthen the influence on the international market and import channels. Control. On the other hand, the “going out” of agriculture is integrated into the overall national strategic considerations, and the international cooperation of win-win agriculture is carried out to help implement the “post-2015 development agenda”.

Optimize the structure of international agricultural governance and enhance the right to speak in institutions. Obtaining the right to speak in the system through rules and regulations is becoming a weapon for the big countries to reshape the international political and economic order and the world's strategic structure. Participating in and playing an active role in international organizations is an important starting point for China to participate in the formulation of international game rules and to enhance the right to speak in the system. Relying on the international agricultural governance platform such as the UN Food and Agriculture Organization, participate in the formulation of international regulations and guidelines on agriculture, guide the international community to pay attention to climate change, fight poverty and other major issues concerning human development, and promote the establishment of a more equitable international trade order for agricultural products. The institutional voice of the state. Promote China's transition from global public goods free-riders to providers, from passive recipients of international rules to initiatives of international affairs, creating and acquiring international institutional dividends for China.

Using global thinking to support the path of structural reform of agricultural supply side

To win the first place in international competition, Chinese agriculture must not only produce high-quality and low-quality agricultural products, but also have a flexible and flexible supply system. One way to promote the structural reform of the supply side of agriculture is to weaken the middle and strengthen both ends under the premise of ensuring food security. That is to weaken the government's direct intervention in market prices, improve the effectiveness of price signals, strengthen producers' ability to resist risks and support consumers, improve market operation efficiency, and break the contradiction between structural supply and demand of agricultural products.

Give play to the decisive role of the market and consolidate the driving force for the reform of the agricultural product price formation mechanism. Price is the key signal that the market economy plays a role. It is not only the transmitter of information on both sides of supply and demand, but also the connection point between the international and domestic markets. The current market-based policy combines subsidies with prices, and government pricing replaces market prices and distorts the market structure. This not only increased the cost of food storage and storage, but also the financial pressure. Farmers did not receive all the benefits of subsidies, but also raised the raw material costs of downstream grain processing enterprises, resulting in a surge in foreign agricultural imports. More importantly, the failure of the price signal has made farmers unilaterally pursue high-yield crop cultivation, which is not conducive to adjusting the agricultural structure. Under the premise of stabilizing the production of rations, with the target price reform of agricultural products as a breakthrough, we will gradually establish a pricing mechanism for agricultural products that plays a decisive role in the market, improve the transparency and effectiveness of prices through price separation, and guide agricultural production to dominant production areas and large scale households. Concentrate on market forces to achieve reform goals such as restructuring, quality improvement, cost reduction, and destocking. This is also conducive to narrowing the price gap between domestic and foreign agricultural products, gradually improving the degree of integration with the international market, and enhancing the international competitiveness of agriculture.

Strengthen the demand side guidance and guidance of agricultural products, and support the supply side reform. The reason why we should pay attention to the guidance of the demand side of agricultural products is, first of all, because this is a supporting measure to promote the reform of the agricultural product price formation mechanism. While the target price reform of agricultural products guarantees the income of producers, it is necessary to make institutional design for the compensation of the demand side, especially low-income consumers, when the market price of agricultural products is high. Second is the need to improve the overall competitiveness of China's agriculture. From the demand side, it puts forward higher requirements for agricultural products, guides the adjustment of agricultural structure, and encourages the supply side to produce more safe and nutritious agricultural products, thus highlighting the international competition. Specifically, it is to gradually establish a wide-coverage and focused consumer food and nutrition promotion plan based on the social security system, strengthen dietary nutrition promotion, and guide healthy lifestyles.