Today, we discuss with you a topic that most car owners are concerned about, that is, the fuel consumption of cars. As for the fuel consumption of automobiles, the article on fuel-saving on the Internet is overwhelming. The so-called benevolent sees wise men and see wisdom. Some old drivers also have their own experience. But I think they did not say the core problem of fuel consumption, that is, how the car's fuel consumption is generated, what determines the core factors of car fuel consumption. The following Lao Hou came to tell you. When it comes to fuel consumption, the first thing to understand is the principle of energy conservation. Energy will not disappear out of thin air, nor will it be obtained out of thin air. It will only change from one form to another. The car is essentially an energy conversion machine that converts the chemical energy of the fuel into mechanical energy and then drives the car. The driving force is required to drive the car. This driving force is generated by the mechanical energy converted by the fuel. Therefore, the essential reason why a car consumes fuel is the demand for mechanical energy from the car. It should be pointed out that the source of all energy in the car is generated by the combustion of fuel, including the use of air conditioners, warm air, sound, and lighting. Therefore, the more electronic configurations on the car, the more frequently it is used and the higher the fuel consumption of the car. Because the energy conversion of a car also follows the law of conservation of energy. When you enjoy comfort, it consumes a certain amount of energy. This energy must be generated by the combustion of fuel. Therefore, the fuel consumption of a car naturally increases. The level of fuel consumption of automobiles is essentially the amount of energy conversion. Therefore, the conversion efficiency of fuel and the demand for mechanical energy of automobiles will directly affect the level of fuel consumption of automobiles. Thermal efficiency of the engine During the conversion of fuel chemical energy into mechanical energy, only a part of the chemical energy produced after the combustion of fuel is converted into mechanical energy, and most of it becomes heat energy and is lost. This conversion rate is generally referred to as the thermal efficiency of the engine. The higher the thermal efficiency, the lower the fuel consumption of the car. The current gasoline engine thermal efficiency is generally between 35% and 40%, and the diesel engine is more efficient, generally between 38% and 45%. Therefore, compared with gasoline engines and diesel engines, diesel engines are more fuel efficient. It is very difficult to increase the thermal efficiency of the engine. Since the engine was born more than 100 years ago, the thermal efficiency has only increased from the initial 20% to more than 30%. In recent years, the thermal efficiency of the engine has reached a bottleneck. One percentage point increase is a huge improvement. Mechanical efficiency of the engine and mechanical efficiency of the transmission system The combustion of fuel produces mechanical energy that cannot be used to drive a car, and some will be lost. The internal friction (mainly the friction between the piston ring and the cylinder wall) will consume a part of the energy when the engine is running, and it will also drive various accessories, such as generators, air conditioning compressors, and water pumps, etc. It will also consume some energy. This is the mechanical efficiency of the engine. The higher the efficiency, the lower the fuel consumption of the car. This efficiency is mainly related to the structure of the engine and the viscosity of the oil. In general, the use of high viscosity oils will reduce the mechanical efficiency of the engine. The engine output power can only be transmitted to the wheels through the transmission system. This process also has energy loss. This is the mechanical efficiency of the drive train. In general, the drive of the front-wheel drive is more direct, so the transmission efficiency is higher; and the rear drive has a lower transmission efficiency due to the presence of the drive shaft. For gearboxes, the manual gearbox has the highest transmission efficiency, which can be as high as 95%. The automatic gearbox, due to the presence of a hydraulic torque converter, typically has a transmission efficiency of around 80% (up to 89% now). The transmission efficiency of the double-clutch gearbox is generally around 90%. Therefore, the most fuel-efficient model must be a manual forward gear, while the rear drive automatic gear is the highest fuel consumption. The mechanical energy obtained from the engine when the car is driving is mainly used to overcome various resistances encountered in driving, specifically rolling resistance, acceleration resistance, slope resistance, and air resistance. The factors affecting these resistances are described below. Rolling resistance Rolling resistance is the general term for the energy loss caused by the interaction between the two and the mutual deformation when the wheel rolls on the road surface. The main reason for the rolling resistance is the deformation of the tire and the road surface. The structure of the tire has a great influence on the rolling resistance. Radial tires have 20% less rolling resistance than biased tires—30% higher tire pressures and lower rolling resistance. The better the road condition conditions, the smaller the rolling resistance. The heavier the car, the greater the deformation of the tire and the greater the rolling resistance. air resistance Vehicle air resistance refers to the component force of the air force in the direction of travel when the vehicle is traveling in a straight line. There are mainly the following: pressure resistance, induced resistance, interference resistance, internal circulation resistance, frictional resistance. Among them, the pressure on the car is the greatest impact, accounting for about 55% to 65% of air resistance. It is generated when the car is driving forward through the air medium. The air in the front part of the car is compressed and the pressure acting on the front part of the car is increased. The negative pressure is generated in the eddy current area on the rear part of the car and acts on the rear part of the car. The pressure is reduced. This pressure difference before and after the formation of the pressure resistance, which has a great relationship with the shape of the body, such as the shape of the front and rear of the vehicle, the windshield of the inclination and other factors have an impact on it. The smaller the general drag coefficient, the lower the pressure resistance and the lower the fuel consumption. Slope resistance When a car is driving on a slope road surface, its gravitational force along the road direction is represented by the slope resistance of the car. Obviously, it is mainly related to the weight of the car. The heavier the car is, the larger the slope is, and the greater the force that needs to be overcome, the higher the fuel consumption of the car. Accelerating resistance When the car accelerates, there is an inertial force that is the acceleration resistance of the car. According to the momentum theorem, the greater the mass of the car, the greater the acceleration and the greater the resistance. Therefore, the heavier the car, the faster the acceleration and the higher the fuel consumption. To sum up the above statement, the core factors that affect the fuel consumption of automobiles are the following: 1, the thermal efficiency of the engine. 2. Mechanical efficiency of engine and transmission system 3, car resistance Generally speaking, the thermal efficiency of the engine and the mechanical efficiency of the car are designed when the car is shipped, and there is no way to change it. The driving resistance of the car is what we can control. The biggest factor affecting the vehicle's driving resistance is the weight of the car. As long as the car's weight is reduced, the car's fuel consumption will be significantly reduced. This is also the most fundamental reason why many car companies have spared no effort to make cars lighter. 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